Mechanism of Action Binds to insulin receptors (tyrosine kinase receptors) on target cells Promotes: Glucose uptake by muscle and adipose tissue Glycogen synthesis in liver and muscle Inhibition of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis Fat and protein metabolism regulation Net effect: blood glucose Pharmacokinetics Onset: 3060 minutes (subcutaneous) Peak: 24 hours Duration: 58 hours Route: Subcutaneous, IV, IM IV use: For rapid correction of hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) Type 1 diabetes mellitus meal-time glucose control Type 2 diabetes mellitus when oral agents are insufficient Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) IV infusion Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) IV infusion Perioperative glucose control Adverse Effects Hypoglycemia: Most common sweating, tremor, dizziness, confusion Lipodystrophy: At injection site (rotate sites) Allergic reactions: Rare (rash, itching, anaphylaxis) Hypokalemia: Especially with high-dose IV insulin (shift of K into cells) Precautions Monitor blood glucose closely Adjust dose for meals, exercise, illness, or other medications Caution in renal/hepatic impairment Drug Interactions Sulfonylureas / meglitinides: risk of hypoglycemia Beta-blockers: Mask hypoglycemia symptoms Corticosteroids / thiazides: May blood glucose require higher insulin dose Class: Short-acting insulin Onset/Peak/Duration: 3060 min / 24 hr / 58 hr Uses: DKA, HHS, postprandial glucose control, Type 1 & 2 diabetes Major adverse effect: Hypoglycemia, lipodystrophy, hypokalemia Mnemonic for Insulin Action (GIG) G Glucose uptake I Inhibits gluconeogenesis G Glycogen synthesis To view or add a comment, sign in 2025 Perspective on Resistant Hypertension in CKD Part 2
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La carnitina interviene en el transporte de los cidos grasos de cadena larga hacia el interior de las mitocondrias, donde se metabolizan para obtener energa
It is important to seek medical advice regarding your medication, your dose, missed dose management, and how you give the injection
